amel Spiders & other Huge Arachnids (Documentary)
World Largest Spiders & other Huge Arachnids, creepy creatures (Documentary)
A
look at man's fear of spiders starting with the Solifugae, or "Camel
Spider"--a large desert-dwelling arachnid of Iraq that may have been
brought to Texas by American soldiers that served there, and then a trek
into the jungles of Venezuela in search of other massive arachnids that
some local villagers claim are large enough to eat a small dog.
Solifugae
is an order of animals in the class Arachnida. They are known variously
as camel spiders, wind scorpions, sun spiders or solifuges. The order
includes more than 1,000 described species in about 153 genera. The
Solifugae is a different order from the true spiders (order Araneae) and
the scorpions (order Scorpiones). Much like a spider, the body of a
Solifugid has two tagmata: an opisthosoma (abdomen) behind the prosoma
(that is, in effect, a combined head and thorax). At the front end, the
prosoma bears two chelicerae that, in most species, are conspicuously
large. The chelicerae serve as jaws and in many species also are used
for stridulation. Unlike scorpions, solifugids do not have a third tagma
that forms a "tail". Most species of Solifugae live in dry climates and
feed opportunistically on ground-dwelling arthropods and other small
animals. The largest species grow to a length of 12--15 cm (5--6 in),
including legs. A number of urban legends exaggerate the size and speed
of Solifugae, and their potential danger to humans, which is practically
nil.
Solifugids and humans
Solifugids have been
recognised as distinct taxa from ancient times. The Greeks recognized
that they were distinct from spiders; spiders were called ἀράχνη
(arachne) while Solifugae were named φαλάγγιον (phalangion). In Aelian's
De natura animalium they are mistakenly mentioned, along with
scorpions, as responsible for the abandoning of a country in Ethiopia.
Anton August Heinrich Lichtenstein theorised in 1797 that the "mice"
which plagued the Philistines in the Old Testament were Solifugae.
During World War I, troops stationed in Abū Qīr, Egypt would stage
fights between captive jerrymanders, as they referred to them, and
placed bets on the outcome. Similarly, British troops stationed in Libya
in World War II would stage fights between Solifugae and
scorpions.:2--3
Urban legends
Solifugae are the subject of
many urban legends and exaggerations about their size, speed,
behaviour, appetite, and lethality. They are not especially large, the
biggest having a leg span of about 12 cm (4.7 in). They are fast on land
compared to other invertebrates with their top speed estimated to be 16
km/h (10 mph), about one third as fast as the fastest human sprinter.
Members of this order of Arachnida apparently have no venom, with the
possible exception of one species in India (Rhagodes nigrocinctus) as
suggested in one study, and do not spin webs.
Due to their
bizarre appearance, many people are startled by or even afraid of them.
This fear was sufficient to drive a family from their home when one was
discovered in a soldier's house in Colchester, England and caused the
family to blame the solifugid for the death of their pet dog. They are
non-venomous, although they are capable of inflicting a painful bite
with their powerful jaws
